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[GMP相关] 不要忽视你的无效OOS率

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药士
发表于 2017-11-14 16:48:06 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式

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选自:http://www.lachmanconsultants.com/2017/11/dont-disregard-your-oos-rate/

Don’t Disregard Your OOS Rate

By Ron George, Ph.D. | November 13, 2017 | Compliance, FDA, Science & Technology | 1 |


As stated in the FDA November 2016 draft Guidance, Submission of Quality Metrics Data – Guidance for Industry (here), one of the Quality Metrics that the FDA intends to monitor is the Invalidated Out-of-Specification (OOS) Rate (IOOSR).  The IOOSR quality metric is the number of OOS test results for lot release and long-term stability invalidated by the covered establishment due to an aberration of the measurement process divided by the total number of lot release and long-term stability OOS test results.  The target timeframe for the voluntary reporting of Quality Metrics to the FDA is in early 2018.  So why the rush?
The IOOSR metric is intended to be an indicator of a laboratory’s ability to accurately perform testing.  The International Society for Pharmaceutical Engineering (ISPE) has commented to the FDA on this proposed metric and has suggested significant changes to the metric (here).  One concern is whether the IOOSR metric (calculated as currently proposed) is an appropriate measure of the laboratory performance.  ISPE has proposed an alternate metric intended to be more meaningful based on the number of invalidated OOSs divided by the total number of tests performed.  The merit of an OOS metric is to help identify if the laboratory needs to improve training, methods, equipment, or the thoroughness of laboratory investigations to ensure the root cause of each OOS is identified and a suitable CAPA is created to address the root cause.
Although Data Integrity issues have been monopolizing the recent news, from the beginning of 2016 to date, the number of Warning Letters with OOS-related Observations (28 Observations) have nearly matched those for Data Integrity (31 Observations).  Furthermore, it has become apparent from recently issued FDA Form 483s that the FDA, during inspections, are inquiring more about the rate of “Invalidations”, “Disregards”, etc. for Laboratories’ OOS investigations.  An Invalidation or Disregard is a laboratory investigation for which the OOS data is invalidated as an aberration of the measurement process (i.e., laboratory error).  A high rate of Invalidations/Disregards may be interpreted as resulting from investigations that are not thorough, leading to unjustified invalidation of data.  Unfortunately, for many laboratories, their metrics on laboratories’ investigations are confounded by the practices chosen for categorization and tallying of investigations.  During regulatory inspections, agencies are often presented with laboratory investigation metrics that are not well defined and, therefore, subject to interpretation and these metrics can then lead to regulatory agency observations.  With laboratory quality metrics, like with good food, the presentation can really matter.
The “take home” message is, laboratories should start tracking the proposed IOOSR metric and, also, consider alternate presentations for the data (such as the ISPE proposal) that they feel might better represent their laboratory performance.  Independent of what metrics are chosen, laboratories should strive through thorough investigations and suitable CAPAs to continuously improve their performance.
For further information and assistance on the topic of laboratory quality metrics and the Invalidated Out-of-Specification (OOS) Rate (IOOSR), please contact either Ron George, Ph.D. at r.george@lachmanconsultants.com or James Davidson, Ph.D. at j.davidson@lachmanconsultants.com.





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药士
 楼主| 发表于 2017-11-14 16:53:45 | 显示全部楼层
原FDA的质量量度draft文件中对无效OOS率的定义为:
Invalidated Out-of-Specification (OOS) Rate (IOOSR) as an indicator of the operation of a laboratory. IOOSR = the number of OOS test results for lot release and long-term stability testing invalidated by the covered establishment due to an aberration of the measurement process divided by the total number of lot release and long-term stability OOS test results in the current reporting timeframe.


但是ISPE提出了不一样的定义,建议将invalidated OOS rate的分母定义为检测总数(total testing volume):

The proposed Invalidated OOS Rate metric seeks to combine two separate measures. Invalidated OOSs are typical of method/lab issues. Other “confirmed” OOS typically represent process capability/process issues. These values are independent of one another and indexing one compared to the other results in lost meaning for both data elements. For example:
• Comparing two sites with similar testing volumes and similar number of invalidated OOS, where one has highly capable processes and simple products and hence low number of confirmed OOS, and the other site’s products are prone to high level of confirmed OOS related to process issues.
• The former will show an artificially higher Invalidated OOS Rate compared to the latter.
• It is, therefore, recommended that to allow comparisons and be meaningful the denominator of this Rate should be number of tests per site rather than number of OOS values.

invalidated OOS rate的指标主要在于评价实验室的检测能力,比如两个公司,检测的总数和无效OOS数量一致,那么按理说其无效OOS率也一致,那么说明其两个公司实验室检测能力是基本一致的。但是如果按照FDA的draft文件中提及的invalidated OOS rate定义,其中分母涉及到OOS总数(其为invalidated OOS数和confirmed OOS数之和),那么其就牵涉到相应的生产能力方面,如果一个公司其生产能力稳定,那么其confirmed OOS相对较少,反而其计算到的invalidated OOS rate会更高(而生产越不稳定,其invalidated OOS rate反而更低),这样有违invalidated OOS rate本身制定的目的,所以建议将draft文件中的分母修订为检测的总数。

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药士
发表于 2017-11-14 17:13:58 | 显示全部楼层
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药徒
发表于 2017-11-15 10:09:20 | 显示全部楼层
学习一下。
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发表于 2017-12-12 17:34:44 | 显示全部楼层
Could you help provide he classification of invalidated OOS? thanks
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药徒
发表于 2017-12-23 14:39:57 | 显示全部楼层
看不懂,有没有中文的?
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药徒
发表于 2018-1-14 16:47:04 | 显示全部楼层
楼主辛苦了,感谢分享

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药王
发表于 2023-1-11 18:54:45 | 显示全部楼层
谢谢分享。
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