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| PART 11 Electronic Records; Electronic Signatures |
| Subpart A--General Provisions Sec. 11.3 Definitions. |
(a) 法案 201 部分包含的术语的定义和解释,同样适用于本条款中的相同术语。 | (a) The definitions and interpretations of terms contained in section 201 of the act apply to those terms when used in this part. |
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| (b) The following definitions of terms also apply to this part: |
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(1) 法案是指联邦食品、药品、化妆品法案(21 U.S.C. 321-393)。 | (1) Act means the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (secs. 201-903 (21 U.S.C.321-393)). |
| (2) Agency means the Food and Drug Administration. |
(3) 生物测定学是指一种基于个人的身体特征及重复行为(这些特征和行为对个人来说是唯一的和可以测量的)的测量来校验个人身份的方法。 | (3) Biometrics means a method of verifying an individual's identity based on measurement of the individual's physical feature(s) or repeatable action(s) where those features and/or actions are both unique to that individual and measurable. |
理解:比如指纹、人脸、虹膜等每个人独有的生物学特征; |
4) 封闭的系统是指一种环境,在此环境中,系统访问由负责系统内电子记录内容的人员控制。 | (4) Closed system means an environment in which system access is controlled by persons who are responsible for the content of electronic records that are on the system. |
理解:封闭环境,即可控系统,并由系统内电子记录负责人控制; |
(5) 数字签名是指基于发起者身份验证的加密方法的电子签名,通过使用一组规则和一组参数进行计算,以验证签名者的身份和数据的完整性。 | (5)Digital signature means an electronic signature based upon cryptographic methods of originator authentication, computed by using a set of rules and a set of parameters such that the identity of the signer and the integrity of the data can be verified. |
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(6) 电子记录是指由数字格式的文本、图表、数据、声音、图片的或其他的以电子形式信息的组合, 电子记录的创建、修改、维护、归档、检索或分发是由计算机系统来完成的。 | (6) Electronic record means any combination of text, graphics, data, audio, pictorial, or other information representation in digital form that is created, modified, maintained, archived, retrieved, or distributed by a computer system. |
(7) 电子签名与手写签名具有同等法律效力,电子签名是一种符号或符号集的计算机数据汇编码,该符号由使用者制定、使用或批准。 | (7) Electronic signature means a computer data compilation of any symbol or series of symbols executed, adopted, or authorized by an individual to be the legally binding equivalent of the individual's handwritten signature. |
(8)手写签名是指个人的手迹签名或合法的标志,以一种永久的方式证明签名是真实有效的,签名行为能代表签名人的真实意图。
用书写工具或标记工具(例如一支钢笔或尖笔)的保存签字行为。手写签名或合法的标志通常被认为是纸上产生的签名或标记,也同样可以适用于其它的能读取签名和标记备。 | (8) Handwritten signature means the scripted name or legal mark of an individual handwritten by that individual and executed or adopted with the present intention to authenticate a writing in a permanent form. The act of signing with a writing or marking instrument such as a pen or stylus is preserved. The scripted name or legal mark, while conventionally applied to paper, may also be applied to other devices that capture the name or mark. |
(9)封闭的系统是指一种环境,在此环境中,系统访问由不被负责系统内电子记录内容的人员控制。 | (9) Open system means an environment in which system access is not controlled by persons who are responsible for the content of electronic records that are on the system. |
理解:常用的网络邮件系统就是开放系统,并且药企使用的系统基本上没有开放系统; |