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In 2012, creativity and adaptability will be key to landing and keeping a job for many workers, as staff levels remain lean and employees are expected to respond to a wide variety of demands, experts say. 专家们表示,对于许多上班族来说,若要在2012年找到一份新工作或是留住现有工作,关键是要会创新、能适应,因为这一年里,用人企业仍会保持精简的人员配置,而且他们希望自己的员工能够适应各类需求。
Economists don't expect loads of job growth, but there could be opportunities in areas such as health care, professional services, retail and some manufacturing, says Harry Holzer, a public-policy professor at Georgetown University. Also, continuing churn in the labor market means that even in areas with few new jobs, there will still be openings when workers move around. 经济学家预计2012年新增就业不会明显上升,不过乔治城大学(Georgetown University)研究公共政策的教授亨利•霍尔则(Harry Holzer)表示,在医疗保健、专业服务、零售和某些制造业等领域可能会出现一些机会。而且鉴于就业市场中的不安氛围还将存在,即便在那些几乎没有新增就业机会的领域,也会因员工跳槽而出现职位空缺。
Technical knowledge and experience will be required for certain spots. 'For professional services you usually need a professional degree. In health you usually need some training,' Mr. Holzer says. 'Manufacturing needs some occupational training. Retail is different. It doesn't require specific occupational training, but it does often require some interpersonal skills.' 某些职位会要求应聘者具备相应的技术知识和工作经验。霍尔则说,“应聘专业服务行业,你通常需要一个专业学位。从事医疗保健工作,你通常需要接受过一些专业训练。制造业需要些职业培训,零售业不太一样。零售业不需要特殊的职业培训,不过往往需要人们具备一定的人际交往技巧。”
In addition to the standard prerequisites, employers will be looking for workers who are able to quickly adapt to new responsibilities as companies respond to changing economic and industry trends. So workers should highlight their creative skills to differentiate themselves, says Lawrence Katz, an economist at Harvard University. 除了这些基本的先决条件,用人单位还希望招来的员工在有能力在企业根据不断变化的经济环境和行业趋势做出调整时,能迅速适应新的工作职责。因此哈佛大学(Harvard University)的经济学家劳伦斯•卡茨(Lawrence Katz)说,人们若要让自己显得卓尔不群,则需要突出展示自己的创新能力。
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